Codurile de eroare OBD-II care încep cu litera „P” se referă la probleme legate de Powertrain (sistemul de propulsie), care include motorul și transmisia. Acestea sunt împărțite în mai multe categorii și pot acoperi probleme legate de combustibil, injecție, aprindere și controlul emisiilor. Mai jos găsești o listă cu unele dintre cele mai comune coduri „P” și descrierea acestora.
Coduri OBD-II legate de injecția de combustibil și amestecul aer-combustibil
- P0171 – Sistem prea sărac (Bancul 1): Indică faptul că amestecul aer-combustibil este prea sărac în Bancul 1, ceea ce poate fi cauzat de o scurgere de vid sau de un senzor de oxigen defect.
- P0172 – Sistem prea bogat (Bancul 1): Amestecul aer-combustibil este prea bogat în Bancul 1. Acest lucru poate fi cauzat de un senzor MAF defect, injectoare de combustibil defecte sau un regulator de presiune al combustibilului.
- P0174 – Sistem prea sărac (Bancul 2): Similar cu P0171, dar se aplică pentru Bancul 2 al motorului.
- P0175 – Sistem prea bogat (Bancul 2): Indică faptul că motorul primește prea mult combustibil în Bancul 2.
- P0190 – Senzor de presiune a combustibilului circuit defect: Probleme în circuitul senzorului de presiune a combustibilului, care ar putea cauza o citire incorectă a presiunii combustibilului.
Coduri OBD-II legate de sistemul de aprindere
- P0300 – Eșec multiplu de aprindere: Motorul a înregistrat multiple aprinderi ratate, iar eroarea nu este specifică unui cilindru.
- P0301 – P0312 – Eșec de aprindere cilindrul 1-12: Aceste coduri indică o problemă specifică la aprinderea fiecărui cilindru. De exemplu, P0301 indică o problemă la cilindrul 1, iar P0312 la cilindrul 12.
- P0320 – Eșec circuit senzor poziție arbore cotit: Acest cod indică o problemă cu senzorul de poziție al arborelui cotit, care este responsabil pentru sincronizarea aprinderii și injecției de combustibil.
- P0350 – P0358 – Circuit primar/ secundar bobină de aprindere: Probleme în circuitul de comandă a bobinei de aprindere, care afectează funcționarea cilindrului corespunzător.
Coduri OBD-II legate de sistemul de emisii
- P0420 – Eficiență catalizator sub prag (Bancul 1): Acest cod indică faptul că eficiența convertorului catalitic din Bancul 1 este mai mică decât se așteaptă, sugerând că convertorul nu funcționează corect.
- P0430 – Eficiență catalizator sub prag (Bancul 2): Similar cu P0420, dar pentru Bancul 2 al motorului.
- P0440 – Sistem de control al evaporărilor scurgeri: Acest cod indică o problemă în sistemul de control al emisiilor evaporative (EVAP), care se ocupă de captarea vaporilor de combustibil din rezervor și trimiterea lor în motor.
- P0455 – Scurgere mare în sistemul EVAP: Detectarea unei scurgeri mari în sistemul de emisii evaporative.
Coduri OBD-II legate de transmisie
- P0700 – Defecțiune generală în transmisie: Acest cod este un cod general care indică o problemă cu transmisia automată, fără a oferi detalii precise.
- P0715 – Circuit senzor viteză de intrare: O problemă în circuitul senzorului de viteză de intrare a transmisiei, care poate afecta performanța schimbării treptelor de viteză.
- P0730 – Raport incorect trepte de viteză: Acest cod indică faptul că raportul treptelor de viteză din transmisie nu este corect, sugerând o defecțiune mecanică sau un senzor defect.
Coduri OBD-II legate de controlul motorului
- P0600 – Defecțiune în rețeaua de comunicare serială: Aceasta indică o problemă în rețeaua de comunicare între ECU-uri.
- P0606 – Eroare procesor ECU: ECU-ul motorului a detectat o problemă internă și trebuie verificat sau înlocuit.
- P0620 – Defecțiune circuit generator/alternator: Probleme în circuitul de control al alternatorului, ceea ce poate duce la probleme de încărcare a bateriei.
- P0650 – Defecțiune circuit martor Check Engine: Acest cod indică faptul că martorul “Check Engine” nu funcționează corect sau nu se aprinde când este necesar.
Cum să folosești aceste coduri pentru diagnosticare?
Codurile OBD-II sunt extrem de utile pentru diagnosticarea problemelor vehiculului. Cu toate acestea, un singur cod de eroare nu oferă întotdeauna toată informația necesară pentru repararea completă a vehiculului. După ce identifici un cod, este important să verifici cauzele posibile, să inspectezi fizic componentele implicate și să efectuezi testele necesare pentru a confirma diagnosticul.
Întrebări frecvente despre codurile OBD-II
- Cum citesc codurile OBD-II?
- Ai nevoie de un scaner OBD-II care se conectează la portul de diagnostic al vehiculului tău. După conectare, scanerul va afișa codurile stocate în ECU.
- Ce fac dacă primesc un cod de eroare?
- În funcție de gravitatea codului, poți fie să încerci o resetare pentru a vedea dacă problema este temporară, fie să consulți un mecanic pentru o diagnosticare mai detaliată.
- Toate vehiculele au aceleași coduri OBD-II?
- Da, codurile de eroare OBD-II sunt standardizate pentru toate vehiculele compatibile cu acest sistem. Cu toate acestea, pot exista și coduri specifice fiecărui producător.
P0000: No Diagnostic Trouble Codes found
P0001: Fuel Volume Regulator Control Circuit/Open
P0002: Fuel Volume Regulator Control Circuit Range/Performance
P0003: Fuel Volume Regulator Control Circuit Low
P0004: Fuel Volume Regulator Control Circuit High
P0005: Fuel Shutoff Valve “A” Control Circuit/Open
P0006: Fuel Shutoff Valve “A” Control Circuit Low
P0007: Fuel Shutoff Valve “A” Control Circuit High
P0008: Engine Position System Performance Bank 1
P0009: Engine Position System Performance Bank 2
P0010: “A” Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 1)
P0011: “A” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 1)
P0012: “A” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
P0013: “B” Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 1)
P0014: “B” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 1)
P0015: “B” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
P0016: Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)
P0017: Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor B)
P0018: Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 2 Sensor A)
P0019: Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 2 Sensor B)
P0020: “A” Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 2)
P0021: “A” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 2)
P0022: “A” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
P0023: “B” Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 2)
P0024: “B” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced or System Performance (Bank 2)
P0025: “B” Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
P0026: Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 1)
P0027: Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 1)
P0028: Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 2)
P0029: Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 2)
P0030: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0031: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0032: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0033: Turbocharger Bypass Valve Control Circuit
P0034: Turbocharger Bypass Valve Control Circuit Low
P0035: Turbocharger Bypass Valve Control Circuit High
P0036: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0037: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0038: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0039: Turbocharger Bypass Valve Control Circuit Range/Performance
P0040: O2 Sensor Signals Swapped Bank 1 Sensor 1 / Bank 2 Sensor 1
P0041: O2 Sensor Signals Swapped Bank 1 Sensor 2 / Bank 2 Sensor 2
P0042: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0043: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0044: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0045: Turbo/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit/Open
P0046: Turbo/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit Range/Performance
P0047: Turbo/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit Low
P0048: Turbo/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit High
P0049: Turbo/Supercharger Turbine Overspeed
P0050: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0051: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0052: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0053: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0054: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0055: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0056: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0057: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0058: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0059: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0060: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0061: HO2S Heater Resistance (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0062: HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0063: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0064: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0065: Air Assisted Injector Control Range/Performance
P0066: Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit Low
P0067: Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit High
P1000: OBD-II Monitor Testing Not Complete (For Ford, Jaguar, Mazda)
P1001: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1002: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1003: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1004: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1005: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1006: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1007: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1008: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1009: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1010: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1011: Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced (Bank 1)
P1012: Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
P1013: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1014: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1015: Camshaft Position Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
P1016: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1017: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1018: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1019: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1020: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1021: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1022: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1023: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1024: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1025: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1026: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1027: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1028: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1029: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1030: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1031: HO2S Heater Control Circuit
P1032: HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low
P1033: HO2S Heater Control Circuit High
P1034: Turbocharger Boost Control Circuit
P1035: Turbocharger Boost Control Circuit Low
P1036: Turbocharger Boost Control Circuit High
P1037: Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit
P1038: Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P1039: Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit Low
P1040: Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit High
P1041: Fuel Pressure Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1042: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1043: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1044: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1045: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1046: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1047: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1048: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1049: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1050: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1051: HO2S Heater Resistance
P1052: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1053: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1054: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1055: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1056: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1057: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1058: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1059: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1060: Manufacturer Specific Code
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P1062: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1063: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1064: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1065: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1066: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1067: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1068: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1069: Manufacturer Specific Code
P1070: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2000: NOx Adsorber Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P2001: NOx Adsorber Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P2002: Diesel Particulate Filter Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P2003: Diesel Particulate Filter Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P2004: Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Open (Bank 1)
P2005: Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Open (Bank 2)
P2006: Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Closed (Bank 1)
P2007: Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Closed (Bank 2)
P2008: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit/Open (Bank 1)
P2009: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit Low (Bank 1)
P2010: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit High (Bank 1)
P2011: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit/Open (Bank 2)
P2012: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit Low (Bank 2)
P2013: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit High (Bank 2)
P2014: Intake Manifold Runner Position Sensor/Switch Circuit
P2015: Intake Manifold Runner Position Sensor/Switch Circuit Range/Performance
P2016: Intake Manifold Runner Position Sensor/Switch Circuit Low
P2017: Intake Manifold Runner Position Sensor/Switch Circuit High
P2018: Intake Manifold Runner Position Sensor/Switch Circuit Intermittent
P2019: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2020: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2021: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2022: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2023: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2024: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2025: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2026: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit Range/Performance
P2027: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit Low
P2028: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control A Circuit High
P2029: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control B Circuit Range/Performance
P2030: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control B Circuit Low
P2031: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control B Circuit High
P2032: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit
P2033: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit Low
P2034: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit High
P2035: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control Solenoid
P2036: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control Solenoid Low
P2037: Turbocharger/Supercharger Boost Control Solenoid High
P2038: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2039: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2040: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2041: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2042: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2043: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2044: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2045: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2046: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2047: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2048: Manufacturer Specific Code
P2049: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3000: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3001: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3002: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3003: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3004: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3005: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3006: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3007: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3008: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3009: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3010: Cylinder 10 Misfire Detected
P3011: Cylinder 11 Misfire Detected
P3012: Cylinder 12 Misfire Detected
P3013: Cylinder 13 Misfire Detected
P3014: Cylinder 14 Misfire Detected
P3015: Cylinder 15 Misfire Detected
P3016: Cylinder 16 Misfire Detected
P3017: Cylinder 17 Misfire Detected
P3018: Cylinder 18 Misfire Detected
P3019: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3020: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3021: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3022: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3023: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3024: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3025: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3026: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3027: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3028: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3029: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3030: Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected
P3031: Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected
P3032: Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected
P3033: Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected
P3034: Cylinder 5 Misfire Detected
P3035: Cylinder 6 Misfire Detected
P3036: Cylinder 7 Misfire Detected
P3037: Cylinder 8 Misfire Detected
P3038: Cylinder 9 Misfire Detected
P3039: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3040: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3041: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3042: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3043: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3044: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3045: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3046: Manufacturer Specific Code
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P3048: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3049: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3050: Manufacturer Specific Code
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P3054: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3055: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3056: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3057: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3058: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3059: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3060: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3061: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3062: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3063: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3064: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3065: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3066: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3067: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3068: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3069: Manufacturer Specific Code
P3070: Manufacturer Specific Code